Solar System: Sun

The Sun is at the center of the Solar System. It is located at 1 AU from the Earth, which is about 1.496*10^8 km, or about 8.3 light minutes. Some general facts about the Sun:

• Diameter of 1.4 million km
• Weight of about 2*10^30 kg (300,000 times that of the Earth)
• Average density of 1400 kg per cubic meter
• Consists of about 70% Hydrogen, 20% Helium
• Nuclear core about 1/4 the diameter of the whole sun
• Sun's flux at 1 AU (Earth) is 1380 W per square meter, which is the Solar Constant
• Photosphere temperature of about 5800 degrees Kelvin
• Chromosphere temperature of about 400,000 degrees Kelvin
• Corona temperature of about 2,000,000 degrees Kelvin
• Sunspot temperature of about 4000 degrees Kelvin
• Energy generation by the Proton-Proton Cycle.

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